As Novas Fronteiras: os BRICS Expandidos (Leitura em Inglês)

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The BRICS is a group of countries. It has Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Now it has more members. It adds Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia and the UAE. Each country is different. Each one has strong sectors. Each one has a different level of world trade.

Brazil

Brazil depends on farms and mining. It grows a lot of soybeans, coffee and sugar cane. It sells these products to the world. It also sells a lot of iron ore. Its trade is about 32% of its economy. This is a medium level. Brazil has problems too. It has high prices and political problems. But it is still very important for world food.

Russia

Russia has many natural resources. Its economy leans on oil and gas. These products give a lot of money to the country. But world prices go up and down. So this is a risk. Its trade is about 46% of its economy. Sanctions hurt Russia's trade. But it still sells a lot of energy. Europe buys much of it.

India

India has a mixed economy. Many people work on farms. But services grow fast. IT and software give money and exports. India has a big middle class. So its home market is large. Its trade is about 40% of its economy. This number grows every year. India grows in technology, medicine and factories. It uses the "Make in India" plan.

China

China is the second biggest economy in the world. Its actions matter to everyone. First it grew with factories and exports. Now it grows in technology and services too. But factories are still very important. It makes electronics, machines and clothes. Its trade is about 38% of its economy. This is small for such a big country. It has a huge home market. So it is strong against outside shocks.

South Africa

South Africa has a mixed economy. Mining is very important. It sells diamonds, gold and platinum. Services and factories are important too. Tourism and finance help a lot. Its trade is about 59% of its economy. So it is open to world trade. It has problems too. Many people have no job. The infrastructure is weak. But it is the most developed economy in Africa. It is a door to the continent.

The new members

Argentina depends on farms. It grows soybeans and wheat. It also has factories for food and cars. Its trade is about 29% of its economy. It has high prices and money problems. But farms are still a strong export.

Egypt has a mixed economy. It has farms, factories and services. Tourism is big because of its history. The Suez Canal is very important for ships. Its trade is about 40% of its economy. Now Egypt invests in energy and infrastructure.

Ethiopia grows very fast. It started with farms. Now it grows in factories and services. The government builds roads and power. It grows in textiles and energy. Its trade is about 25% of its economy. This is small. Ethiopia is still new to world trade.

Iran is known for oil and gas. Sanctions hurt its trade a lot. It also has farms, factories and services. Its trade is hard to measure. It is more isolated than the others. But Iran is still a big player in its region. It has a large market of buyers.

Saudi Arabia depends on oil. It is the biggest oil exporter in the world. Its trade is about 67% of its economy. Now it wants to change. Its plan is called Vision 2030. It invests in tourism, entertainment and clean energy.

The UAE has a very open economy. Its trade is over 100% of its economy. It sells oil. But it is also strong in trade, tourism and finance. Dubai and Abu Dhabi are big centers. The UAE wants to be a world hub for business and travel.

Each country has its own plan and its own problems. These countries are also part of the G20. This shows a change in world power. Developing markets are more important now. Their progress will shape trade and investment for many years.